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Descubren en EE.UU. un inusual Pez Sierra en peligro de extinción – Nuestroclima
Durante 16 años, el Programa de Biología de Tiburones de la Universidad del Norte de Florida (UNF) se dedicó a investigar las poblaciones de tiburones en el noreste de Florida y el sureste de Georgia, Estados Unidos. A pesar de sus esfuerzos, el pez sierra, una de las especies más enigmáticas, había eludido a los investigadores.
Sin embargo, este verano boreal, un equipo liderado por el profesor Jim Gelsleichter, director del programa, logró un descubrimiento significativo en el río St. Marys. Según USA Today, el hallazgo se produjo cuando un estudiante sintió un tirón en la línea de tambor utilizada para pescar especies más grandes. Al notar la resistencia, Gelsleichter acudió para ayudar.
“Fue el pez más pesado que he sacado de una línea de tambor”, comentó el profesor. En pocos minutos, confirmaron que se trataba de un pez sierra, un ejemplar de casi la mitad de la longitud del bote de 6,4 metros. El equipo estaba eufórico por el hallazgo de este raro animal.
Características del pez sierra
El pez sierra, una especie de raya que es un pariente lejano de los tiburones, se distingue por su hocico en forma de sierra lleno de dientes. Evolucionado de especies prehistóricas, este pez se alimenta principalmente de peces, camarones y cangrejos.
Históricamente, el pez sierra habita desde el Golfo de México hasta la costa este de Estados Unidos, pero su población ha disminuido drásticamente debido a la pesca incidental y la pérdida de hábitat. Según USA Today, Gelsleichter considera que la reaparición de esta especie en la zona es un signo positivo para la recuperación de la población.
Estado de la especie
En el pasado, el pez sierra de dientes pequeños se encontraba desde el norte de Nueva York hasta Texas, pero su número se redujo considerablemente desde mediados del siglo XX. La UNF señala que en 2003, la especie fue la primera de los elasmobranquios (tiburones y rayas) en ser incluida en la Ley de Especies en Peligro de Extinción (ESA). Para entonces, su población estaba restringida principalmente al sur y suroeste de Florida.
A pesar de los retos, las medidas de protección implementadas en Florida desde 1992 han mostrado resultados prometedores. Gelsleichter destacó que el marcado con transmisores acústicos en más de 100 peces sierra adultos ha sido crucial.
“Las protecciones que establecimos parecen estar revirtiendo el declive. Estamos empezando a ver estos animales con mayor frecuencia, como solíamos hacerlo”, comentó el profesor.
A lo largo de los años, se han observado señales de recuperación en áreas donde se creía que la especie estaba extinta, incluyendo la Bahía de Tampa, Cedar Key y ahora, el río St. Marys.
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