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¿Cuánto pesan si juntamos a todas las hormigas el mundo? – Nuestroclima
Si alguna vez se preguntaron qué cantidad de hormigas habitan en el planeta y qué peso aproximado tendrían si las pesamos a todas juntas. Lee la nota para mayor sorpresa.
Las hormigas son insectos que están presentes en cualquier parte del mundo. De hecho, es muy común verlas en las casas, sobre todo en épocas de verano donde la temperatura térmica es mayor y en lugares donde hay migajas de comida o dulce.
Aunque pueden parecer molestas, su presencia en el mundo es importante, ya que podemos sacar lecciones de su forma de vivir y además, del sitio que ocupan para el desarrollo del medio ambiente.
El peso de una hormiga es una absoluta insignificancia. Ni teniendo una decena de ellas sobre nosotros lo notaríamos. Pero, ¿cuántas son y cuánto pesan todas las hormigas del mundo, juntas? La ciencia ha respondido a esta pregunta. Tal y como recoge un nuevo estudio, en la Tierra hay aproximadamente alrededor de 20 cuatrillones de hormigas, es decir, 20.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000 de insectos.
Son una familia de insectos eusociales que, como las avispas y las abejas, pertenecen al orden de los himenópteros. Evolucionaron de antepasados similares a una avispa a mediados del Cretáceo, hace entre ciento diez y ciento treinta millones de años, diversificándose tras la expansión de las plantas con flor por el mundo.
«Las hormigas del mundo constituyen colectivamente alrededor de 12 millones de toneladas de carbono seco . Esto supera la masa de todas las aves y mamíferos salvajes del mundo combinados. También es igual a aproximadamente una quinta parte del peso total de los humanos» , dicen los autores.
Estudios de abundancia de hormigas Para llegar a esas conclusiones, los investigadores realizaron «estudios de abundancia de hormigas en muchos entornos para hacer estimaciones sobre las hormigas arborícolas y que habitan en el suelo presentes en casi todos los ecosistemas terrestres importantes» .
Pese a que tendemos en imaginar a las hormigas por el suelo, no es su principal hábitat. Las hormigas que viven en los árboles superan en número a las que viven en el suelo aproximadamente seis a uno. Además, teniendo en cuenta la diversidad de pesos, los investigadores concluyen que el carbono seco en esos cuatrillones suma alrededor de 12 megatones.
«Se estima que excavan hasta 13 toneladas de suelo por hectárea al año y aumentan la disponibilidad local de nutrientes en un orden de magnitud, pero es que constituyen solo el 1,2% de las especies terrestres, y representan al menos el 6% de la biomasa» , concluyeron.
Fuente: 20minutos
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