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Detectan megaláser espacial situado nada menos que a 5.000.000-000 de años luz de la Tierra – Nuestroclima
Se trata de un potente megamaser de longitud de ondas de radio indicativo de galaxias en colisión al que bautizaron “Nkalakatha”.
Los Megamasers son intensamente brillantes, alrededor de 100 millones de veces más brillantes que las másers que se encuentran en galaxias como la Vía Láctea. En este caso, toda la galaxia actúa esencialmente como un láser astronómico que emite microondas en lugar de luz visible.
Un Megamaser es un proceso que implica algunos componentes dentro de la galaxia (como gas) que está en la condición física correcta para causar la amplificación de la luz (en este caso, microondas). Pero hay otras partes de la galaxia (como las estrellas, por ejemplo) que no son parte del proceso de máser.
Utilizando datos registrados por el radiotelescopio MeerKAT , que está ubicado en Sudáfrica , un equipo internacional de astrónomos de 13 países acaba de anunciar el descubrimiento de un enorme láser espacial situado nada menos que a 5.000.000-000 de años luz de la Tierra , lo que lo convierten en el más lejano jamás descubierto hasta el presente .
Según relataron los autores de este histórico hallazgo a través de un comunicado de prensa difundido por la Universidad Curtin, Australia, una de las principales responsables de la investigación-, se trata de un potente megamaser de longitud de ondas de radio indicativo de galaxias en colisión al que bautizaron “Nkalakatha”, que en lengua isiZulu significa “gran jefe”.
“Este es el primer megamaser de hidroxilo observado por el MeerKAT y el más distante visto por cualquier telescopio hasta la fecha . Es impresionante que hayamos podido detectar este megamaser récord en la primera noche de un estudio que incluyó más de 3.000 horas de observaciones ”, afirmó el doctor Marcin Glowacki, quien lideró el equipo de científicos .
“Sabemos que las galaxias son como islas del espacio-tiempo , cuna de cientos de miles de estrellas, gas, polvo estelar e incluso materia oscura. Cuando dos o más se fusionan, el gas contenido en ellas se vuelve extremadamente denso. Esto puede estimular a las moléculas de hidroxilo , formadas por un átomo de oxígeno y otro de hidrógeno (HO), para que emitan una señal de radio específica llamada máser” , agregó el especialista.
Si bien el MeerKAT es muy nuevo, los investigadores afirman que no les resultó extraño que les haya permitido descubrir este megamaser tan brillante, debido a la gran potencia y tecnología con la que cuenta .
Por eso es que tanto Glowacki como el resto de los científicos están muy esperanzados en que este telescopio les permita realizar muchos más descubrimientos de este tipo, y más sorprendentes aún, en el futuro inmediato.
“El MeerKAT probablemente duplicará el número conocido de estos raros fenómenos . En el pasado se pensaba que las galaxias se fusionaban con más frecuencia, y los megamasers recién descubiertos nos permitirán comprobar esta hipótesis” , concluyó Glowachi.
Vía: https://weekend.perfil.com/
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