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Los efectos en el clima de los grandes parque eólicos – Nuestroclima
Informes muestran qué las áreas en las que se encuentran las grandes plantas eólicas la temperatura local aumenta hasta 0,72 grados centígrados cada década comparado con áreas en las que no hay instalaciones de este tipo.
Aunque parezca sorprendente, los parques eólicos tienen el poder de afectar al clima . Aunque solo al que hay bajo sus turbinas.
Si echamos un vistazo a un campo eólico con 10.000 turbinas, descubriremos que la temperatura del suelo ha podido aumentar artificialmente 0,72 Cº , según una simulación con modelos informáticos de física atmosférica.
Zhangjiakou, una gran ciudad en la provincia de Hebei, China, se encuentra al noroeste de Beijing. El cercano parque eólico Shangyi en Zhangjiakou es un componente crítico de la infraestructura eléctrica del norte de China. Si bien la energía eólica se considera limpia, el impacto del parque eólico Shangyi en el clima local y regional sigue siendo controvertido.
Para encontrar posibles efectos climáticos relacionados con el parque eólico dentro del área, un equipo de investigación de la Academia China de Ciencias Meteorológicas investigó las condiciones climáticas que rodean al Parque Eólico Shangyi. Basaron su investigación en datos meteorológicos a largo plazo de Zhangjiakou que van desde 1981 hasta 2018, incluida la temperatura del aire, la velocidad del viento, la humedad relativa y las precipitaciones.
En este estudio, los científicos utilizaron el método de anomalías o proporciones para descifrar las diferencias entre las estaciones meteorológicas que se vieron afectadas o no por las operaciones del parque eólico . Advances in Atmospheric Sciences acaba de publicar el estudio completo.
«También exploramos la influencia del parque eólico Shangyi en la temperatura de la superficie terrestre y la evapotranspiración utilizando datos satelitales MODIS de 2003 a 2018 «. dijo Yonghong Liu, autor principal del estudio. «Comparamos los resultados de la observación con el último Informe Regional de Cambio Climático del Norte de China (2020) «.
Los resultados mostraron que, especialmente durante el verano y el otoño, el parque eólico tuvo un efecto de calentamiento atmosférico durante la noche (hasta 0,95 ºC) . El equipo observó un cambio mínimo en la temperatura del aire durante el día, y si existía una anomalía positiva o negativa dependía de la temporada.
Además, la temperatura media anual y la temperatura mínima anual aumentaron en 0,37 ºC y 0,81 ºC respectivamente . La velocidad media anual del viento disminuyó un 6%, principalmente durante la primavera (14%) y el invierno (8%). El parque eólico no pareció afectar la precipitación y la humedad relativa.
El estudio no mostró un aumento significativo en la temperatura de la superficie local dentro del parque eólico Shangyi. Los científicos que trabajan en el proyecto dicen que el aumento de la cobertura de vegetación no relacionado dentro de la granja anuló el calentamiento de la superficie de la tierra inducido por la granja eólica.
Además, los resultados también mostraron que el calentamiento local y la reducción de la velocidad del viento causados por el parque eólico Shangyi fueron menores que los valores regionales del cambio climático. Por lo tanto, el equipo concluyó que los parques eólicos tienen un efecto significativo en la climatología local, pero un impacto mínimo en el clima regional.
Vía: https://www.tiempo.com/
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