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El sorprendente color del polen cuando hace explosión – Nuestroclima
Lo hacen los pájaros, lo hacen las abejas, incluso las plantas lo hacen. Con la llegada del polen, el mundo estalló en luminosos colores rojos, verdes y amarillos.
Las imágenes mediante microscopio electrónico de barrido nos revelan todo un universo de formas y texturas. La belleza del polen de las plantas. Es único, diverso y hermoso mensajero de vida en la naturaleza. Su diversidad, complejidad de formas, colores y tamaños es tan grande como plantas existen en la tierra, además, respalda la vida terrestre
Geranio El tamaño de los granos de polen se mide en millonésimas de metro, pero sus viajes en busca de pareja son épicos. Las decenas de granos dorados que han llegado con éxito al estigma de una flor de Geranium phaeum tienen que competir para ser de los pocos que logran la fecundación.
Foto: Martin Oeggerli
Flor de durillo Alojados en el tejido arrugado del estigma de Viburnum tinu s, los granos de polen de otras flores de durillo (en gris) se hinchan con la humedad. Uno de ellos (en el centro) ya está desarrollando el tubo polínico que transporta las células espermáticas hasta el primordio seminal. El polen de otras especies (en amarillo y en verde) ha fallado el objetivo; las defensas genéticas lo excluyen de la carrera por la fecundación.Foto: Martin Oeggerli Sauce cabruno Un grano de polen de Salix caprea ha fallado su objetivo. Ahora, atrapado entre los pétalos de la flor de otra especie, morirá. Aunque algunos granos de polen se dispersarán por el aire cuando la brisa primaveral agite las hojas del sauce, otros se pegarán al dorso de las abejas y llegarán a su destino.Foto: Martin Oeggerli Muchas formas y tamaños El diámetro de un grano de polen de calabacera (en el centro) tiene el grosor de un billete de 10 euros. La diminuta mota que hay a su lado es un grano de polen de nomeolvides.Imagen compuesta de Martin Oeggerli; 14 imágenes de microscopio electrónico de barrido, de Ralf Buchner y Heidemarie Halbritter, Universidad de Viena Foto: Martin Oeggerli Membrillero de flor Es posible que la superficie irregular del polen de Chaenomeles sp. acelere la absorción de la humedad cuando el grano se posa sobre su objetivo, una flor de su misma especie. «Una hidratación rápida determina una formación más veloz del tubo polínico —dice el fotógrafo suizo Martin Oeggerli, investigador postdoctoral del Hospital Universitario de Basilea—. Eso es importante para la fecundación.»Foto: Martin Oeggerli Trébol blanco Trifolium repens El polen, rico en proteínas, del trébol blanco es un alimento importante para las abejas, como el néctar.Foto: Martin Oeggerli Abutilón coloreado Abutilon pictum Las púas del polen del abutilón coloreado posibilitan un mejor agarre a las plumas de las aves.Foto: Martin Oeggerli Guajaca gigante Tillandsia maxima El pliegue en el polen de la guajaca gigante le permite encogerse cuando se seca, o hincharse con la humedad, sin romperse.Foto: Martin Oeggerli Lechuga de agua Pistia stratiotes Los surcos en el polen de la lechuga de agua son un rasgo inusual, aunque la planta es común desde Egipto hasta Argentina.Foto: Martin Oeggerli Nomeolvides Myosotis sylvatica Los granos de polen del nomeolvides (coloreados de turquesa) son de los más diminutos que se conocen, con un diámetro de cinco milésimas de milímetro.Foto: Martin Oeggerli Atrapamoscas Dionaea muscipula Los granos de polen del atrapamoscas son más de 15 veces más grandes que los del nomeolvides. No existe una relación directa entre el tamaño de la planta y el de su polen.Foto: Martin Oeggerli Acacia de Constantinopla Albizia julibrissin Los granos de polen de la acacia de Constantinopla son también más de quince veces más grandes que los del nomeolvides.Foto: Martin Oeggerli Leucadendro plateado Familia Proteáceas El polen del leucadendro plateado tiene un revestimiento adhesivo que se pega a los animales que lo transportan.Foto: Martin Oeggerli Crino japonés Crinum japonicum El del crino japonés está rodeado de pétalos vistosos que atraen a los insectos. Algunas morfologías parecen fáciles de explicar. Otras son un enigma.Foto: Martin Oeggerli
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