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Algunos ejemplos de nubosidad estacionaria – Nuestroclima
Algunas nubes se forman cuando el aire se encuentra con una cordillera de montañas u otro tipo de terreno similar. Cuando esto pasa, el aire subirá y se refrescará.
El aire más fresco ya no puede sostener todo el vapor de agua que podía sostenerse cuando estaba caliente. Este vapor de agua adicional comienza a condensarse en forma de gotitas de agua líquida y se forma una nube.
Estas nubes se forman principalmente en zonas montañosas gracias a un fenómeno conocido como “ondas de gravedad” que se ve mucho en dinámica de fluidos. Ojo, no hay que confundir “ondas de gravedad” con “ondas gravitacionales”. Las ondas gravitacionales son ondulaciones en el espacio tiempo producidas por objetos súper-masivos. Estas ondas son predichas por la teoría de la relatividad general de Einstein, aunque al día de hoy no ha se han podido detectar.
Las ondas de gravedad quizá sean menos espectaculares, pero no por eso menos interesantes. Estas ondas se producen cuando hay una perturbación que se mueve en dirección vertical dentro de un fluido. Ejemplos pueden ser las corrientes de aire ascendentes o las olas en el mar.
Estas perturbaciones por lo general son detenidas por una “fuerza restauradora” que intenta regresar al fluido a un estado de equilibrio. Esta fuerza restauradora por lo general es la gravedad (por eso el nombre de ondas de gravedad) pero no es la única.
Por ejemplo, si la perturbación viaja entre 2 fluidos de distintas densidades la fuerza restauradora sería una fuerza de flotación.
Vía: mperiodelaciencia
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