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La fascinante imagen del nacimiento de una supernova vista a través del telescopio James Webb – Nuestroclima
Ahora, el Webb ha captado el preludio de una supernova, algo bastante raro de ver.
Una supernova es ni más ni menos que la explosión de una estrella . Suelen ser estrellas de gran tamaño y millones de años, que en su explosión expulsan todo el material que guardaban en su interior en una onda choque .
Una supernova es un evento difícil de detectar y relativamente raro . De hecho, en nuestra galaxia solo se han podido observar unas dos o tres supernovas de tipo II cada cien años (y eso que las supernovas de este tipo son mucho más frecuentes que las de tipo Ia).
Se consideran un evento tan raro porque la gran mayoría de estrellas que existen son de masa baja. Es poco frecuente que ocurra que una estrella masiva o binaria esté justo en la fase de producir una supernova, después de miles de millones de años de existencia.
Al tratarse de acontecimiento tan ocasional, lo que hacen los astrónomos es monitorizar grandes extensiones de cielo con telescopios muy rápidos para poder contemplar todo el cielo y detectar en qué momento se produce, así como a distinguir que es una supernova .
Una gran Azaña de James Webb El telescopio James Webb se ha convertido en el principal observatorio de ciencia espacial de la humanidad. No es para menos; en España no paramos de recibir un constante goteo de imágenes e información provenientes del telescopio, con instantáneas increíbles que dan una visión del universo hasta ahora nunca vista. Ahora, el Webb ha captado el preludio de una supernova, algo bastante raro de ver.
Tal y como explica la NASA en un comunicado, el Webb ha capturado los instantes previos a la supernova de Wolf-Rayet 124 o WR 124, una de las estrellas más masivas, luminosas y detectables que se conocen. De hecho, esta fue una de las primeras observaciones del Webb, allá por junio del 2022. Ahora, la nueva fotografía muestra la estrella con un nivel de detalle sin parangón y todo el efecto de la explosión alrededor en una imagen que quita el aliento.
Esta estrella, situada a 15.000 años luz de distancia de la constelación de sagitario, está en proceso de cumplir uno de sus últimos ciclos de vida. Y es que entre las estrellas masivas, solo unas pocas pasan por una fase denominada por la NASA como ‘Wolf-Rayet’ antes de convertirse en supernova. Las observaciones del Webb en esta fase, bastante rara de ver, son muy valiosas para los astrónomos.
WR 124 tiene unas 30 veces la masa del sol, y ha arrojado material equivalente al de 10 soles hasta la fecha. Estas estrellas Wolf-Rayet están en proceso de desprenderse de sus capas externas, lo que da lugar a los característicos halos de gas y polvo presentes en la fotografía. A medida que el gas expulsado se aleja de la estrella y se enfría, se forma polvo cósmico y brilla en la luz infrarroja detectable por el Webb.
Con información de: https://www.elespanol.com/
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