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Los «bichos bolitas» necesarios para la salud del suelo – Nuestroclima
Las cochinillas de humedad son conocidas popularmente por su costumbre de “enrollarse” en una pequeña bola cuando se sienten en peligro. Otros de los nombres por los que se las conoce son chanchitos de tierra, marranitos y bichos bola.
Esto seguro que ya lo conocías, pero, ¿sabías que las cochinillas juegan un papel muy importante en la eliminación de metales pesados tóxicos de nuestros suelos ? A pesar de ser muy pequeñas, son de suma importancia para los ecosistemas.
¿CÓMO ELIMINAN LOS METALES PESADOS? Las cochinillas viven principalmente en las esquinas oscuras y húmedas de nuestros jardines, donde pueden estar más cerca de las raíces de las plantas, con las cuales guardan una relación muy importante.
Las cochinillas devuelven la materia orgánica al suelo para que pueda ser digerida por hongos, protozoos y bacterias. En este proceso natural se genera un suministro de nitratos, fosfatos y otros nutrientes vitales que las plantas necesitan para desarrollarse de forma saludable.
A la vez que se alimentan de plantas y raíces emergentes, toman los metales pesados como plomo, cadmio y arsénico. Sus órganos internos son capaces de cristalizarlos, convirtiéndose en depósitos esféricos en sus intestinos medios.
Esta propiedad tan especial les otorga a las cochinillas una resiliencia excepcional para sobrevivir en sitios contaminados, muy superior a la de la mayoría del resto de los animales.
Lo mejor es que con solo existir normalmente son capaces de evitar que los tóxicos se filtren hacia las aguas subterráneas , lo que estabiliza el suelo y protege las fuentes de agua limpia.
En 2017, un estudio determinó que también juegan un papel importante en la minimización de los niveles de plomo, al formar parte de la cadena alimenticia formada por el suelo, las plantas de tomate o berenjena, las propias cochinillas, y las mariquitas , sus depredadores naturales.
Así que ya lo sabes, la próxima vez que veas a una cochinillas alimentarse de una planta o raíz, no la mates o sientas asco, porque están cumpliendo un papel extremadamente importante para el ecosistema.
Fuente:
UPSOCL
Research Gate
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