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¿Qué es el rocío? – Nuestroclima
Cuando el punto de rocío se encuentra en torno a los 13 grados, los seres humanos experimentamos la máxima sensación de comodidad.
El rocío es un fenómeno que se produce por la condensación del vapor que está en la atmósfera en gotas muy pequeñas . Este proceso se desarrolla por la noche, cuando la temperatura desciende, y puede apreciarse por la mañana a través de las gotas que quedan depositadas sobre las plantas o la calle.
El término también se utiliza para nombrar a las gotas que produce este fenómeno y, en un sentido general, a las precipitaciones de poca intensidad . Por ejemplo: “Debe haber sido una noche muy fría: mira el rocío sobre las plantas” , “No vale la pena abrir el paraguas porque llueve poco, aunque el rocío me está molestando” , “Las gotas de rocío quedaron impregnadas en la ventana varias horas” .
Se considera punto de rocío a la temperatura a la que comienza a condensarse el agua. O, explicado de otra manera, la temperatura a la que debe enfriarse una masa de aire para provocar la condensación del vapor del agua contenido en ella, formando así la niebla y el rocío sobre las paredes y los objetos.
A medida que disminuye la temperatura de una masa de aire, va reduciéndose la capacidad que tiene para contener vapor de agua, es decir, va disminuyendo la humedad relativa de esta. Si dicha masa de aire continúa enfriándose llegará un momento en el que el aire alcanzará el punto de saturación y se podrá producir la condensación.
Por debajo del punto de rocío, el agua líquida comenzará a condensarse en superficies sólidas como la hierba, paredes o ventanas. También puede condensarse en la atmósfera alrededor de partículas sólidas formando nubes o niebla.
¿Qué es la humedad relativa? El punto de rocío está muy relacionado con la humedad relativa, que es la relación entre la cantidad de vapor de agua presente en el aire en un momento determinado y la máxima cantidad de vapor que el aire sería capaz de contener a esa temperatura.
Por otro lado, la humedad relativa es del 100 % cuando el punto de rocío y la temperatura son iguales. Si la temperatura desciende rápidamente, se producirá condensación y empezará a formarse agua líquida. Además, al punto de rocío se le considera la forma más precisa de medir la humedad del ambiente, ya que es una medida absoluta a diferencia de la humedad relativa.
Cuando el punto de rocío se encuentra en torno a los 8 y los 13 grados centígrados, los seres humanos experimentamos la máxima sensación de comodidad, especialmente con temperaturas de 20 grados a la sombra.
Por el contrario, cuando el punto de rocío supera los 21 grados, las personas se sienten acaloradas o pegajosas debido a que la cantidad de vapor de agua en el aire dificulta la transpiración e impide que el cuerpo se enfríe.
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