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Conoce las «reservas tropicales» del Mar Rojo – Nuestroclima
Las aguas salobres y cálidas de la costa de la Península Arábiga crean el mejor entorno para el crecimiento de los arrecifes de coral , verdaderas reservas naturales.
Mirando hacia abajo desde la Estación Espacial Internacional (ISS), un astronauta puede ver la costa noroeste de Arabia Saudita, donde florecen hasta 260 especies de arrecifes de coral. El agua salada y las aguas cálidas a lo largo de la Península Arábiga crean un entorno ideal para el crecimiento de los arrecifes de coral, principalmente en lagunas poco profundas donde la costa se encuentra con el Mar Rojo. A medida que aumenta la profundidad, el agua de la laguna cambia de turquesa brillante a azul oscuro.
Los arrecifes periféricos, que comienzan en la costa y crecen hacia el mar, bordean la costa noroeste de Arabia Saudita. La biodiversidad de los arrecifes de coral aumenta hacia el sur, donde los arrecifes de parche y barrera se combinan con los arrecifes periféricos para formar ricos ecosistemas.
Los arrecifes de coral se conocen como «selvas tropicales marinas» por su biodiversidad y su funcionalidad en la naturaleza, proporcionando una fuente de alimento para otras formas de vida marina y humanos, al mismo tiempo que protegen las costas.
Con el crecimiento de la población humana en la árida Península Arábiga, existe una creciente demanda de suministro de agua dulce. A menudo, esa demanda se satisface mediante el uso de plantas desaladoras. Actualmente, el país alberga las plantas desalinizadoras más grandes del mundo, que producen agua dulce y salmuera, un subproducto de las saladas aguas residuales.
Parte de la salmuera fluye de regreso al Mar Rojo y puede disminuir el oxígeno disuelto en los ecosistemas acuáticos. Esto se conoce como hipoxia y puede representar una seria amenaza para los ecosistemas de arrecifes de coral y la biodiversidad en el Mar Rojo.
Vía: https://www.vistaalmar.es/
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