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El Desequilibrio Energético de la Tierra continúa creciendo y ha aumentado casi un 50% en los últimos 14 años – Nuestroclima
La evaluación global de la energía ganada y desembolsada representa una métrica fundamental del cambio climático y sus implicaciones al calentar el océano, la tierra, la atmósfera y la criosfera .
El Sol emite energía en un amplio espectro de longitudes de onda, que se miden en nanómetros (nm) .
Bandas del espectro magnético : se divide en segmentos o bandas, aunque esta división es inexacta. Existen ondas que tienen una frecuencia, pero varios usos, por lo que algunas frecuencias pueden quedar en ocasiones incluidas en dos rangos.
La tierra al ser más fría emite la mayor parte de su radiación en forma de radiación infrarroja (más larga).
Cuando un objeto absorbe y emite energía en igual proporción, su temperatura permanece constante.
Por lo tanto, una parte de la radiación infrarroja emitida por la Tierra es absorbida por los gases de efecto invernadero en la atmosfera y parte vuelve a ser devuelta a la superficie de la Tierra, el efecto de los gases de efecto invernadero es aumentar la temperatura media de la superficie terrestre.
El continuo aumento de gases de efecto invernadero, sobre todo CO2 por la actividad industrial puede tener un grave efecto sobre el clima global.
Un desequilibrio energético notable El Desequilibrio de Energía de la Tierra (Earth Energy Imbalance , EEI), la diferencia entre la cantidad de energía del sol que llega a la Tierra y la cantidad que regresa al espacio , sirve como una métrica fundamental para permitir que el Sistema Mundial de Observación del Clima (GCOS) copatrocinado por la OMM evalúe qué tan bien responde el mundo a la tarea de controlar el cambio climático . El Plan de implementación del SMOC para 2022, recientemente publicado, destaca la importancia de evaluar periódicamente las brechas en el sistema de observación que sustenta las estimaciones del EEI y propone acciones para abordarlas.
El estudio multidisciplinario internacional se publica en Earth Systems Science Data , una destacada revista de acceso abierto de Copernicus Publications . Está dirigido por Karina von Schuckmann de Mercator Ocean International, que contribuye a los informes sobre el estado del clima mundial de la OMM.
Los investigadores (casi 70 de docenas de institutos en 15 países) acceden a datos cuidadosamente documentados, calibrados y verificados del océano, la tierra, el hielo y la atmósfera para concluir:
La Tierra ha acumulado casi 0,5 vatios (0,48 + 0,1) sobre cada metro cuadrado de superficie terrestre durante los últimos 50 años (desde 1971); Más recientemente (2006 a 2020), el calor aumentó a más de 0,75 vatios (0,76 + 0,2) por metro cuadrado ;La mayor parte del calor ingresó al océano (89%); El calor global restante pasó a la tierra (6 %), el hielo (4 %) y la atmósfera (1 %); La evaluación global de la energía ganada y desembolsada representa una métrica fundamental del cambio climático y sus implicaciones al calentar el océano, la tierra, la atmósfera y la criosfera ; yLos esfuerzos de evaluación como estos requieren una cooperación internacional sostenida en el seguimiento y la investigación. «El inventario de calor de la Tierra en este estudio está respaldado por la colaboración multidisciplinaria mundial y demuestra la importancia crítica de los esfuerzos internacionales concertados para el monitoreo del cambio climático y las recomendaciones basadas en la comunidad, y también hacemos un llamado a las acciones que se necesitan con urgencia para permitir la continuidad, el archivo, el rescate y la calibración. esfuerzos para asegurar una capacidad de monitoreo mejorada y a largo plazo del sistema global de observación del clima”, escriben los autores.
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