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Uso de inteligencia artificial en la evaluación del riesgo de extinción en especies acuáticas – Nuestroclima
Claro, aquí tienes una versión reformulada del texto:
Una reciente investigación revela que aproximadamente el 12,7 % de los peces teleósteos marinos, que representan la mayor parte de las especies de peces, están amenazados de extinción. Este porcentaje es cinco veces superior al estimado por la UICN, que era del 2,5 %, e implica que cerca de 5.000 especies adicionales se encuentran en peligro.
La Lista Roja de Especies Amenazadas de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN) monitorea más de 150.000 especies con el propósito de orientar los esfuerzos globales en conservación. Esta lista se divide en nueve categorías, de las cuales tres se centran en especies amenazadas: «en peligro crítico», «en peligro» y «vulnerable». La UICN utiliza criterios globales y datos científicos para evaluar el riesgo de extinción.
Un artículo publicado en la revista de acceso abierto PLOS Biology explora esta cuestión utilizando un nuevo enfoque que emplea técnicas de inteligencia artificial y aprendizaje automático para identificar especies en riesgo de extinción.
“Nuestras evaluaciones directas del riesgo de extinción, basadas en los procedimientos de la UICN, son las más precisas pero también las más costosas y lentas. Para 2024, la Lista Roja de la UICN habrá evaluado 163.000 especies. Sin embargo, más de 21.000 de ellas carecen de datos suficientes para una evaluación precisa, y muchas otras (más de 1,8 millones) aún no han sido evaluadas. Los modelos de IA ofrecen una solución más rápida y económica para predecir estos riesgos”, explica Nicolas Loiseau, investigador del Centro Nacional para la Investigación Científica de Francia (CNRS).
La Inteligencia Artificial en la conservación de peces
La biodiversidad enfrenta una crisis ambiental significativa, y la aplicación de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en este contexto está ganando relevancia. Según los expertos, la capacidad de la IA para manejar grandes volúmenes de datos podría ser clave para obtener evaluaciones más precisas sobre el riesgo de extinción y para identificar las especies y regiones que requieren atención urgente para mejorar la precisión de estos modelos.
“La IA puede proporcionar estimaciones confiables del riesgo de extinción para especies que aún no han sido evaluadas por la UICN. Esto permitiría identificar cuáles especies, sus características y áreas específicas necesitan una intervención urgente. De este modo, se podrían dirigir los esfuerzos de conservación y optimizar la asignación de recursos para mitigar los riesgos de extinción a nivel global”, señala Loiseau.
Aunque los modelos basados en IA no pueden sustituir las evaluaciones directas de las especies amenazadas, representan una herramienta valiosa para ofrecer una evaluación “rápida, amplia y económica del riesgo de extinción”.
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