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Estos son los 6 supervolcanes más peligrosos del mundo – Nuestroclima
Las erupciones volcánicas son una de las catástrofes naturales más devastadoras e impredecibles. Nunca se sabe con certeza cuándo un volcán podría entrar en erupción.
Sí se pueden hacer algunas estimaciones calculando cuál es la frecuencia aproximada de actividad de cada volcán, pero los períodos en geología son tan grandes que no hay información suficiente para establecer un patrón certero de actividad de un volcán.
Ya hemos discutido bastante sobre los volcanes activos de todo el mundo y sabemos que algunos podrían ser realmente devastadores. ¿Quieres saber cuáles son los supervolcanes más peligrosos del mundo? Mira, pues, son seis.
6 Aira, Japón Aira es una supercaldera que se encuentra al sur de Japón. Los especialistas sugieren que la caldera se formó hace aproximadamente 22 mil años a causa de una erupción volcánica masiva. Mide aproximadamente 17 × 23 km e incluye al volcán Sakura-jima, que es uno de los volcanes más activos del mundo.
5 Taupo, Nueva Zelanda Volcan Ngauruhoe de la Zona volcánica de Taupo Foto: wikipedia
Esta supercaldera se encuentra en el centro de la isla Norte de Nueva Zelanda, se creó hace aproximadamente 26 500 años a causa de una erupción volcánica masiva. La caldera entró en erupción en el año 181 después de la Era Común y aún hasta el día de hoy muestra signos de gran actividad interna.
Valles, Nuevo México
La caldera de Valles, en Nuevo México, Estados Unidos, se creó hace más de un millón de años con una erupción masiva de 150 millas cúbicas, según las estimaciones. Aún hoy se registra actividad sísmica y gran cantidad de energía geotérmica debajo de la superficie.
3 Long Valley, California
Mammoth Mountain se formó en una serie de erupciones que terminó hace 57.000 años. Foto: wikipedia
La erupción más grande de la Long Valley Caldera fue hace 760 mil años, aproximadamente. Desde el año 1980 se ha registrado una creciente actividad sísmica en la zona además de una diferencia de 10 centímetros en la elevación del suelo. Los especialistas advierten que podría volver a hacer erupción en cualquier momento, aunque no hay forma de preverlo.
2 Toba, Sumatra
Isla de Sumatra en Indonesia: Lago Toba Foto: Andia/ Getty Images
El lago Toba se eleva 900 metros sobre el nivel del mar, mide 100 kilómetros de largo por 30 de ancho y esconde el volcán más grande del mundo. Existe la teoría de que cuando este supervolcán entró en erupción causó tanta destrucción que acabó con la vida de la mayoría de los humanos en la Tierra. No es algo comprobado, por supuesto, pero de ser así, la erupción habría causado un cuello de botella que habría limitado la capacidad de reproducción de la especie humana a causa de la escasa variablidad genética.
1 Yellowstone, Wyoming
Parque Nacional de Yellowstone, Gran Fuente Prismática. Foto: Westend61/ Getty Images
El Parque Nacional de Yellowstone es uno de los más famosos y atractivos de todo el mundo. Una de sus principales atracciones es la Gran Fuente Prismática es, a la vez, una de las mayores piscinas termales del mundo y la boca de un inmenso volcán activo. La intensa actividad sísmica registrada año a año alerta a los científicos sobe la estabilidad del magma y no saben cuándo Yellowstone podría entrar en erupción exactamente.
Vía: agranepoca.
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