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Este musgo es capaz de retirar arsénico del agua para hacerla potable – Nuestroclima
Se ha descubierto un musgo que es capaz de eliminar arsénico en agua contaminada con este. Y ello sucede rápidamente: en apenas una hora, el nivel de arsénico pasa a ser tan bajo que el agua deja de resultar peligrosa para su consumo por el ser humano.
El hallazgo es obra del equipo de Maria Greger, de la Universidad de Estocolmo en Suecia. Este musgo, el Warnstorfia fluitans, es de tipo acuático y crece en el norte de Suecia.
La capacidad que posee el Warnstorfia fluitans para absorber rápidamente arsénico del agua da pie a desarrollar a partir de este organismo una técnica que, de manera respetuosa con el medio ambiente, purifique el agua que ha sido contaminada con arsénico. Un posible escenario es cultivar el musgo en arroyos y otros cursos de agua con altos niveles de arsénico.
Hay zonas, en torno a ciertas explotaciones mineras, en las cuales el agua está a menudo contaminada por este elemento químico. Greger y sus colegas esperan que su sistema de humedales dotados con musgo purificador resuelva el problema del arsénico en esas áreas mineras.
Este es el musgo acuático en el invernadero de la Universidad de Estocolmo. (Foto: Arifin Sandhi. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Como consecuencia de ciertas actividades mineras, el arsénico puede llegar hasta agua que de otro modo sería potable. Ello sucede porque el suelo y el lecho rocoso en ciertos lugares, como por ejemplo en algunas zonas de Suecia, contienen de forma natural arsénico. Remover la tierra al crear una mina y trabajar en ella aumenta las probabilidades de que el arsénico alcance depósitos naturales de agua. Como resultado de ello, si no se toman las medidas de protección adecuadas, el agua potable y aquella usada para regar cultivos también pueden contener niveles elevados de arsénico. Las plantas lo absorben del suelo, y a través de ellas y/o de los animales que se nutren de ellas, este tiene muchas probabilidades de acabar en alimentos de consumo humano.
La meta que el equipo de Greger persigue con el nuevo sistema basado en el musgo es poder filtrar de manera sencilla y eficaz el arsénico antes de que el agua se destine a regadío y al consumo humano. De esta forma, se garantiza mucho mejor que el arsénico no acabe en nuestra comida.
Vía: Noticiasdelaciencia
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