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¿Qué pasaría si no hubiera Luna? – Nuestroclima
Mucha gente se pregunta que sucedería si no hubiera Luna. Te contamos como sería el mundo sin nuestro satélite.
Nuestro planeta es único porque posee un satélite excepcionalmente grande: la Luna. De hecho, formamos un sistema planetario doble, algo absolutamente anómalo entre los planetas del Sistema Solar. Hasta su nacimiento fue anómalo: nuestro satélite nació cuando nuestro planeta estaba en su infancia y tras el impacto de un objeto mayor que Marte.
Si no hubiera Luna desaparecerían los eclipses y las noches serían mucho más oscuras. Las mareas también serían diferentes: de hecho, serían más pequeñas, alrededor de un tercio de lo que son ahora. Todo lo contrario a la época en que se formó la Luna: como se encontraba más cerca de la Tierra, ¡las mareas llegaban a los 9 metros!
Pero lo más interesante sería lo que sucedería a nuestro propio planeta. No somos conscientes del papel que desempeña nuestro (mal llamado) ‘satélite’ en la estabilidad de los movimientos de la Tierra . Por un lado, la presencia de la Luna frena la rotación terrestre , aunque de un modo muy, muy pequeño: del orden de unos pocos microsegundos por año. Claro que al cabo de los 5.000 millones de años que lleva nuestro planeta dando vueltas alrededor del Sol significa un buen pico. De hecho, sin Luna el día no duraría 24 horas sino ¡de 6 a 8 horas!
Y no solo eso. Sin ella la orientación del eje de la Tierra no se mantendría estable y experimentaría variaciones caóticas ´con el tiempo. Que estemos disfrutando de una sucesión regular de las estaciones durante millones de años es gracias a la Luna . Marte, por ejemplo, tiene dos lunas minúsculas y su eje de rotación ha cambiado 60º en los últimos 10 millones de años (en comparación, el eje terrestre oscila solo 1,5º cada 41.000 años). Las consecuencias climatológicas de una variación caótica del eje de rotación harían muy difícil que la vida evolucionara como lo ha hecho en el planeta.
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