20";display:block;height:0;overflow:hidden}#page:after,.bdayh-wrap:after,.container-main:after,.bdayh-inner:after,#content:after,.topbar:after,#nav-menu:after,.primary-menu:after{clear:both}#page.boxed{max-width:1112px;margin:0 auto}.bdayh-wrap{max-width:1200px;padding:0 30px;margin:0 auto}#header{position:relative;z-index:3}#header .bdayh-inner{padding:30px 0}#main{position:relative;padding:30px 0 29px}.container-main{margin:0 -20px;padding:0}#content{float:left;width:65%;padding:0 20px;padding-right:30px;border-right:1px #e8e8e8 solid}.sidebar{position:relative;float:right;width:35%;padding:0 20px 0 30px}.sidebar-left #content{border-right:0 none;border-left:1px #e8e8e8 solid}.sidebar-left .sidebar{float:left;padding:0 30px 0 20px}.sidebar-left #content{float:right;padding:0 20px 0 30px}#topbar{clear:both;border-top:#fb4834 2px solid;background:#f5f5f5;line-height:37px;position:relative;z-index:70}#topbar.top-trans-bg{background:0 0}.topbar .social-icons{float:right}.social-icons{vertical-align:middle;overflow:hidden}.topbar .social-icons a,.top-search .search-btn{float:left;margin:0;width:37px;height:37px;line-height:37px;display:inline-block;text-align:center}.social-icons a{width:37px;height:37px;line-height:37px;display:inline-block;text-align:center;color:inherit}.topbar .social-icons a{color:inherit}.social-icons.icon-size-25 a i,.top-search .search-btn i{font-size:18px}.topbar .top-search{float:right;position:relative}.top-search .search-btn{position:relative}.top-search .search-dropdown{position:absolute;right:0;top:39px;width:262px;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:none}.top-search-content{padding:15px;overflow:hidden}.top-search input.search-field,.top-search input[type=search]{font-size:13px;width:192px;max-height:40px;float:left;padding:9px 8px;color:#999;margin:0;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;background:#fff;border:1px solid #fff;box-shadow:0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.1);border-radius:0}.top-search button{background:#777;border:none;color:#fff;float:right;width:40px;height:40px;max-height:40px;display:inline;padding:0;border-radius:0;margin:0}.top-search .search-dropdown:before{position:absolute;top:-7px;right:13px;display:block;content:'';width:0;height:0;border-style:solid;border-width:0 6px 7px;border-color:transparent transparent #f9f9f9}.breaking-news{float:left;position:relative}.breaking-news .heading{float:left;margin-right:10px;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:12px;font-weight:600}.breaking-news ul{float:left}.breaking-news ul li{display:none;line-height:35px}.breaking-news ul li i{margin-right:10px;font-size:10px;overflow:hidden;line-height:9px}.breaking-news ul li:first-child{display:block}.breaking-news ul li a{color:#707070;font-size:13px;font-weight:600}.header-ads{display:block;float:right;line-height:0}#articleTop-ads ins{margin:auto;max-width:100%!important;line-height:0}.header-ads,#articleTop-ads{text-align:center;overflow:hidden}.logo{display:inline-block}.logo h2{padding:0;margin:0}.logo * a,#topbar * a,#navigation * a{text-decoration:none}.logo-left .logo{float:left;margin-top:0}.site-title{line-height:20px}nav.navigation{max-height:50px;line-height:50px}nav.navigation #nav-menu{background:#f5f5f5;display:table;width:100%}nav.navigation.primary-menu-dark #nav-menu{box-shadow:none}nav.navigation.primary-menu-dark #nav-menu{background:#1f1f1f}.primary-menu ul#menu-primary{display:block;position:relative}.primary-menu ul,.primary-menu li{margin:0;padding:0;outline:0}.primary-menu ul li{position:relative}.primary-menu ul{position:relative}.primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li{float:left;position:relative}.bdayh-menu-border-color{content:'';position:absolute;height:3px;bottom:0;width:100%;left:0}.primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li>a>.bdayh-menu-border-color{background:rgba(0,0,0,.05)}.primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li>a{padding:0 10px;position:relative;display:block;font-size:13px;text-transform:none}.primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li.menu-item-has-children>a{padding-right:28px}.primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li.current-menu-parent{background:#fb4834}.primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li.current-menu-parent>a{color:#fff}.primary-menu ul>li>a,.primary-menu ul li ul li a{font-size:13px;font-weight:700;color:#787878}.primary-menu ul li ul li a{font-size:12px;font-weight:600}nav.navigation.primary-menu-dark .primary-menu ul>li>a{color:#fff}nav.navigation.primary-menu-dark .primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li>a{border-right:1px rgba(255,255,255,.05) solid;border-left:0}.primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li>a{border-right:1px rgba(0,0,0,.05) solid;border-left:0}.primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li.menu-item-has-children>a:after{content:'';position:absolute;top:50%;right:18px;margin-top:-2px;height:0;width:0;border:4px solid transparent;border-top-color:#aaa}.primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li.current-menu-parent.menu-item-has-children>a:after,nav.navigation.primary-menu-dark .primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li.menu-item-has-children>a:after{border-top-color:#fff}.primary-menu ul ul{display:none!important;-webkit-animation-duration:.4s;animation-duration:.4s;-webkit-animation-fill-mode:both;animation-fill-mode:both}.widget{display:block;position:relative}.sidebar .widget{margin-bottom:35px;width:100%;clear:both}.sidebar .widget:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.widget{font-size:13px;line-height:19px;position:relative}.widget form{position:relative}.widget_search .search-submit{position:absolute;right:0}.widget_search input{-webkit-border-radius:0;-moz-border-radius:0;border-radius:0}.widget_search .search-field{width:94%}.widget{overflow:hidden;padding:0 1px}section.widget:before,section.widget:after{content:" ";display:table}.post-header-bd header{overflow:hidden;border-bottom:1px #e8e8e8 solid}.post-header-bd header h1{font-size:32px;margin:6px 0 12px;padding:0;word-wrap:break-word;font-weight:700;width:100%}.post-header-bd header h1{color:#1f1f1f}.post-header-bd header .meta-info{font-size:85%;line-height:17px;text-transform:capitalize;margin-bottom:16px;position:relative;display:block;overflow:hidden;clear:both}.post-header-bd header .meta-info,.post-header-bd header .meta-info a{color:#777}.post-header-bd header .meta-info i{margin-right:3px}.post-header-bd header .meta-info div{display:inline-block;margin-right:8px}.post-content-bd{padding:30px 0 0;color:#2c2f34}.post-content-bd a{color:#fb4834}.post-featured{display:block;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:22px}.post-featured-image-bd a{display:block;line-height:0}.post-featured-image-bd img{width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%}.post-content-bd img{margin-bottom:21px}.post-content-bd figure img{margin-bottom:0}.title-bd{border-top:3px #fb4834 solid;display:block;min-height:12px;margin-top:13px;margin-bottom:20px}.title-bd h3{float:left;display:inline-block;font-weight:700;font-size:13px;line-height:13px;margin:-13px 0 0!important;background:#fb4834;border-radius:2px;padding:5px 11px 4px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;vertical-align:middle;text-transform:uppercase;z-index:10}.title-bd h3{color:#fff}#cancel-comment-reply-link{clear:both}#cancel-comment-reply-link{color:#fff;font-size:12px;font-weight:600;line-height:12px;padding:3px 9px;margin-left:3px;border-radius:3px}#cancel-comment-reply-link{background:#ccc;float:left;margin:0 10px 10px 0}#respond input{background:#fff;color:#404040;border:1px solid #e8e8e8;display:block;margin:0 0 9px;padding:7px 14px;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;line-height:19px}header .post-sharing-bd{border-top:1px #e8e8e8 solid;border-bottom:1px #e8e8e8 solid;position:relative;z-index:2;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:100%;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;padding:15px 0;margin:10px 0 -11px}header .post-sharing-bd{border-bottom:none;margin:0}.post-sharing-bd ul{float:none;overflow:hidden}.post-sharing-bd ul,.post-sharing-bd li,.post-sharing-bd a{margin:0;padding:0;outline:0}.post-sharing-bd li{visibility:visible;background:#1f1f1f;border-radius:2px;display:inline-block;text-align:center;width:45px;height:33px;line-height:33px;margin-left:4px;float:right}.post-sharing-bd li a{display:block;color:#fff;font-size:20px}.post-sharing-bd li.ps-title{background:0 0;color:#1f1f1f;visibility:visible;float:left;width:auto;margin:0}.post-sharing-bd li.ps-title i{font-size:21px;line-height:33px;font-weight:400}.post-sharing-bd li.facebook{background:#3b5998}.post-sharing-bd li.twitter{background:#55acee}.post-sharing-bd li.linkedin{background:#0976b4}.post-sharing-bd li.reddit{background:#ff4500}.post-sharing-bd li.pinterest{background:#cc2127}.post-sharing-bd li.whatsapp{background:#21ba2f;display:none}@media only screen and (max-width:1020px){.post-sharing-bd ul li.telegram,.post-sharing-bd ul li.whatsapp{display:inline-block}}.post-featured-image-bd{position:relative}.post-content-bd h3{line-height:120%;margin-top:0}.post-content-bd>div{margin-bottom:24px}article{overflow:hidden}.post-content-bd{position:relative;max-width:100%;display:block}.fa{font-family:FontAwesome!important}*,*:before,*:after{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-ms-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}.bd-ClickOpen{display:none;margin:0;position:absolute;top:30px;left:13px;opacity:1;height:34px;width:40px;z-index:666}.bd-ClickOpen span{left:6px}.bd-ClickOpen span,.bd-ClickOpen span:after,.bd-ClickOpen span:before{top:5px;position:absolute;content:' ';display:block;height:3px;width:28px;background:#333;-webkit-border-radius:10px;-moz-border-radius:10px;border-radius:10px}.bd-ClickOpen span:before{top:8px}.bd-ClickOpen span:after{top:16px}.bd-MobileSiderbar{background:#fff;position:absolute;display:block;left:0;top:0;z-index:1;height:100%;width:80%;color:#ddd;-webkit-transform:translate3d(-102%,0,0);-moz-transform:translate3d(-102%,0,0);-ms-transform:translate3d(-102%,0,0);-o-transform:translate3d(-102%,0,0);transform:translate3d(-102%,0,0);-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;-moz-backface-visibility:hidden;-ms-backface-visibility:hidden;-o-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden}.search-mobile{margin:20px;height:40px;overflow:hidden;background:#f6f6f6;position:relative;-webkit-border-radius:2px;-moz-border-radius:2px;border-radius:2px}.search-mobile #s-mobile{background:0 0;float:left;margin:0;padding:10px 12px;width:92%;color:#444;font-size:12px;line-height:20px}.search-mobile button.search-button,.search-mobile #s-mobile{-webkit-border-radius:0!important;-moz-border-radius:0!important;border-radius:0!important;border:0 none!important;box-shadow:none!important;-webkit-box-shadow:none!important}.search-mobile button.search-button{background:#f43d2a;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;height:40px;padding:0!important;margin:0!important;width:40px;font-size:18px;color:#fff;z-index:444}.bd-MobileSiderbar #mobile-menu ul ul{display:none}.bd-MobileSiderbar #mobile-menu li{list-style:none;position:relative}.bd-MobileSiderbar #mobile-menu a{color:#656565;display:block;font-size:15px;padding:9px 0 9px 20px;min-height:45px;border-bottom:1px solid #f6f6f6;text-transform:uppercase}.bd-MobileSiderbar #mobile-menu ul ul a{font-size:13px;padding-left:30px}.page-outer{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.bg-cover{position:fixed;background-repeat:no-repeat;top:0;left:0;z-index:0;overflow:hidden;width:100%;height:100%;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover}#bdCheckAlso{background:#fff;position:fixed;z-index:999;bottom:65px;right:-350px;width:300px;border-bottom:0 none;padding:10px 20px 20px;border-top-width:4px;border-top-style:solid;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 3px rgba(68,68,68,.08);-moz-box-shadow:0 0 3px rgba(68,68,68,.08);box-shadow:0 0 3px rgba(68,68,68,.08);border:0 none!important}#bdCheckAlso{border-top-color:#e6ae48}.check-also-post{padding-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:10px;border-bottom:1px solid #eee}.check-also-post:last-child{padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:0 none}.check-also-post .post-title{margin:15px 0 10px;padding:0;font-size:16px;line-height:22px}.check-also-post p{font-size:14px;line-height:18px;margin:0;padding:0}.title-bd{position:relative;display:block}#check-also-close{position:absolute;right:0;top:-13px;padding-left:7px;background:#fff}.check-also-thumb{width:260px;height:130px;background-position:center;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover}#reading-position-indicator{display:block;height:4px;position:fixed;bottom:0;left:0;width:0;z-index:9999;max-width:100%;background:#fb4834}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1023px){#page.boxed{margin:0 auto}.bdayh-wrap{padding:0}.container-main{margin:0}#content,.sidebar{float:none;width:100%;padding:0!important;display:block}.post-content-bd{padding:20px}.post-featured,#articleTop-ads{margin-right:-20px;margin-left:-20px}.sidebar{padding-top:40px}.breaking-news{width:100%;overflow:hidden;clear:both;display:block;text-align:center;margin-bottom:10px}.breaking-news .heading{float:none;display:inline-block;clear:both}.breaking-news ul{width:100%;overflow:hidden}.breaking-news ul li{line-height:20px}.topbar .social-icons,.topbar .social-icons a{float:left;overflow:inherit}header#header{text-align:center}#header .bdayh-inner{padding:15px 0}.logo-left .logo{float:none;margin:15px 0 25px}.header-ads{float:none;margin-top:15px;text-align:center}.primary-menu{display:block}.sidebar{border:none!important}#content{margin-bottom:50px;clear:both;float:none}.menu-label{display:block!important}.primary-menu ul#menu-primary>li>a{padding:0 10px;font-size:12px}.sidebar{width:auto!important;max-width:100%!important;top:auto!important;bottom:auto!important;left:auto!important;right:auto!important;position:relative!important}.widget{padding:0 20px}.post-header-bd header h1{padding:0 20px}#content{border:0 none!important}body{background:0 0!important;background-size:0!important;-o-background-size:0!important;-moz-background-size:0!important;-webkit-background-size:0!important}.primary-menu{display:none}.bd-ClickOpen{display:block!important}.bd-ClickOpen{top:15px}#page{box-shadow:none!important}}@media (max-width:767px){#page.boxed{margin:0 auto}.bdayh-wrap{padding:0}.container-main{margin:0}#content,.sidebar{float:none;width:100%;padding:0 10px!important;display:block}.sidebar{padding-top:40px}.breaking-news{width:100%;overflow:hidden;clear:both;display:block;text-align:center;margin-bottom:10px}.breaking-news .heading{float:none;display:inline-block;clear:both}.breaking-news ul{width:100%;overflow:hidden}.breaking-news ul li{line-height:20px}.topbar .social-icons,.topbar .social-icons a{float:left;overflow:inherit}.breaking-news i{display:none}header#header{text-align:center}#header .bdayh-inner{padding:15px 0}.logo-left .logo{float:none;margin:15px 0 25px}.header-ads{float:none;margin-top:15px;text-align:center}.primary-menu{display:none}.sidebar{border:none!important}#content{margin-bottom:50px;clear:both;float:none}.post-sharing-bd li{width:33px}.post-sharing-bd li,.post-sharing-bd ul{text-align:center}.sidebar{width:auto!important;max-width:100%!important;top:auto!important;bottom:auto!important;left:auto!important;right:auto!important;position:relative!important}#content{border:0 none!important}#content,.sidebar{float:none;width:99%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:99%;padding:0!important;display:block}.post-content-bd{padding:20px}.post-featured,#articleTop-ads{margin-right:-20px;margin-left:-20px}.widget{padding:0 10px}.post-header-bd header h1{padding:0 20px}body{background:0 0!important;background-size:0!important;-o-background-size:0!important;-moz-background-size:0!important;-webkit-background-size:0!important}.bd-ClickOpen{display:block!important}.bd-ClickOpen{top:15px}#page{box-shadow:none!important}}@media (max-width:368px){#page.boxed{margin:0 auto}.bdayh-wrap{padding:0}.container-main{margin:0}#content,.sidebar{float:none;width:100%;padding:0 10px!important;display:block}.sidebar{padding-top:40px}.breaking-news{width:100%;overflow:hidden;clear:both;display:block;text-align:center;margin-bottom:10px}.breaking-news .heading{float:none;display:inline-block;clear:both}.breaking-news ul{width:100%;overflow:hidden}.breaking-news ul li{line-height:20px}.topbar .social-icons,.topbar .social-icons a{float:left;overflow:inherit}.breaking-news i{display:none}header#header{text-align:center}#header .bdayh-inner{padding:15px 0}.logo-left .logo{float:none;margin:15px 0 25px}.header-ads{float:none;margin-top:15px;text-align:center}.primary-menu{display:none}.sidebar{border:none!important}#content{margin-bottom:50px;clear:both;float:none}.post-sharing-bd li{width:33px}.post-sharing-bd li,.post-sharing-bd ul{text-align:center}.sidebar{width:auto!important;max-width:100%!important;top:auto!important;bottom:auto!important;left:auto!important;right:auto!important;position:relative!important}#content{border:0 none!important}#content,.sidebar{float:none;width:99%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:99%;padding:0!important;display:block}.post-content-bd{padding:20px}.post-featured,#articleTop-ads{margin-right:-20px;margin-left:-20px}.widget{padding:0 10px}.post-header-bd header h1{padding:0 20px}body{background:0 0!important;background-size:0!important;-o-background-size:0!important;-moz-background-size:0!important;-webkit-background-size:0!important}.bd-ClickOpen{display:block!important}.bd-ClickOpen{top:15px}#page{box-shadow:none!important}}*:before,*:after{box-sizing:border-box}.sidebar,.content,.bdayh-inner,.theia_sticky,div.theiaStickySidebar{-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden!important;backface-visibility:hidden!important;-moz-transform-origin:0 0!important;-webkit-animation-fill-mode:unset!important;animation-fill-mode:unset!important;-webkit-transform:none!important;transform:none!important;right:initial!important;left:initial!important}}.fa{display:inline-block;font:normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;font-size:inherit;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;transform:translate(0,0)}.fa-search:before{content:"\f002"}.fa-close:before{content:"\f00d"}.fa-bookmark:before{content:"\f02e"}.fa-eye:before{content:"\f06e"}.fa-twitter:before{content:"\f099"}.fa-facebook:before{content:"\f09a"}.fa-pinterest:before{content:"\f0d2"}.fa-linkedin:before{content:"\f0e1"}.fa-comments-o:before{content:"\f0e6"}.fa-reddit:before{content:"\f1a1"}.fa-share-alt:before{content:"\f1e0"}.fa-whatsapp:before{content:"\f232"}:root{--swiper-theme-color:#007aff}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-container{list-style:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:relative;z-index:1}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-wrapper{box-sizing:content-box;display:flex;height:100%;position:relative;width:100%;z-index:1}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-wrapper{transform:translateZ(0)}:root{--swiper-navigation-size:44px}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev{align-items:center;color:var(--swiper-navigation-color,var(--swiper-theme-color));display:flex;height:var(--swiper-navigation-size);justify-content:center;margin-top:calc(0px - var(--swiper-navigation-size)/2);position:absolute;top:50%;width:calc(var(--swiper-navigation-size)/44*27);z-index:10}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next:after,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev:after{font-family:swiper-icons;font-size:var(--swiper-navigation-size);font-variant:normal;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1;text-transform:none!important;text-transform:none}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev{left:10px;right:auto}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev:after{content:"prev"}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next{left:auto;right:10px}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next:after{content:"next"}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-pagination{position:absolute;text-align:center;transform:translateZ(0);z-index:10}:root{--jp-carousel-primary-color:#fff;--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color:#999;--jp-carousel-bg-color:#000;--jp-carousel-bg-faded-color:#222;--jp-carousel-border-color:#3a3a3a}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev{background-image:none}.jp-carousel-wrap *{line-height:inherit}.jp-carousel-wrap.swiper-container{height:auto;width:100vw}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev{background-image:none;height:auto;opacity:.5;padding:20px 40px;width:auto}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next:after,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev:after{content:none}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-next svg,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-button-prev svg{background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);border-radius:4px;height:30px;width:28px}.jp-carousel-overlay{background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);bottom:0;direction:ltr;font-family:Helvetica Neue,sans-serif!important;left:0;overflow-x:hidden;overflow-y:auto;position:fixed;right:0;top:0;z-index:2147483647}.jp-carousel-overlay *{box-sizing:border-box}.jp-carousel-overlay h2:before,.jp-carousel-overlay h3:before{content:none;display:none}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-container .swiper-button-prev{left:0;right:auto}.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-container .swiper-button-next{left:auto;right:0}.jp-carousel-container{display:grid;grid-template-rows:1fr 64px;height:100%}.jp-carousel-info{-webkit-font-smoothing:subpixel-antialiased!important;background-color:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);display:flex;flex-direction:column;opacity:1;text-align:left!important;z-index:100}.jp-carousel-info-footer{align-items:center;display:flex;height:64px;justify-content:space-between;position:relative}.jp-carousel-info-extra,.jp-carousel-info-footer{background-color:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);width:100vw}.jp-carousel-info-extra{border-top:1px solid var(--jp-carousel-bg-faded-color);display:none;padding:35px}.jp-carousel-title-and-caption{margin-bottom:15px}.jp-carousel-photo-info{left:0!important;width:100%!important}.jp-carousel-comments-wrapper{display:none;padding:0;width:100%!important}.jp-carousel-close-hint{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);height:45px;letter-spacing:0!important;padding:10px;position:fixed;right:30px;text-align:right;top:20px;width:45px;z-index:15}.jp-carousel-close-hint svg{background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);border-radius:4px;padding:3px 2px}.jp-carousel-pagination-container{flex:1;margin:0 15px 0 35px}.jp-carousel-pagination,.jp-swiper-pagination{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);display:none;font-size:15px;font-weight:400;position:static!important;white-space:nowrap}.jp-carousel-pagination-container .swiper-pagination{line-height:8px;text-align:left}.jp-carousel-pagination{padding-left:5px}.jp-carousel-info-footer .jp-carousel-photo-title-container{flex-basis:50vw;flex:4;justify-content:center;margin:0;overflow:hidden}.jp-carousel-photo-caption,.jp-carousel-photo-title{background:none!important;border:none!important;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);display:inline-block;font:normal 20px/1.3em Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0!important;line-height:normal;margin:0 0 10px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;text-shadow:none!important;text-transform:none!important}.jp-carousel-info-footer .jp-carousel-photo-caption{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);font-size:15px;margin:0;text-align:center;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.jp-carousel-photo-title{font-size:32px;margin-bottom:2px}.jp-carousel-photo-description{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);font-size:16px;margin:25px 0;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;width:100%}.jp-carousel-caption{font-size:14px;font-weight:400;margin:0}.jp-carousel-image-meta{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);display:none;font-size:13px;font:12px/1.4 Helvetica Neue,sans-serif!important;width:100%}.jp-carousel-image-meta ul{list-style:none!important;margin:0!important;padding:0!important}a.jp-carousel-image-download{clear:both;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);display:inline-block;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;line-height:1;text-decoration:none}a.jp-carousel-image-download svg{display:inline-block;margin:0 3px;padding-bottom:2px;vertical-align:middle}.jp-carousel-comments{background:none transparent;bottom:10px;font:15px/1.7 Helvetica Neue,sans-serif!important;font-weight:400;margin-top:20px;width:100%}#jp-carousel-comment-form{margin:0 0 10px!important;width:100%}textarea#jp-carousel-comment-form-comment-field{background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-faded-color);border:1px solid var(--jp-carousel-border-color);border-radius:3px;box-shadow:inset 2px 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);float:none;font:16px/1.4 Helvetica Neue,sans-serif!important;height:147px;margin:0;overflow:hidden;padding:10px 10px 5px;width:100%}textarea#jp-carousel-comment-form-comment-field::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:#555}#jp-carousel-loading-overlay{bottom:0;display:none;left:0;position:fixed;right:0;top:0}#jp-carousel-loading-wrapper{align-items:center;display:flex;height:100vh;justify-content:center;width:100vw}#jp-carousel-library-loading,#jp-carousel-library-loading:after{border-radius:50%;height:40px;width:40px}#jp-carousel-library-loading{animation:load8 1.1s linear infinite;border:8px solid hsla(0,0%,100%,.2);border-left:8px solid var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);float:left;font-size:10px;margin:22px 0 0 10px;position:relative;text-indent:-9999em;transform:translateZ(0)}#jp-carousel-comment-form-spinner,#jp-carousel-comment-form-spinner:after{border-radius:50%;height:20px;width:20px}#jp-carousel-comment-form-spinner{animation:load8 1.1s linear infinite;border:4px solid hsla(0,0%,100%,.2);border-left:4px solid var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);bottom:0;display:none;float:left;font-size:10px;left:0;margin:0 auto;position:absolute;right:0;text-indent:-9999em;top:calc(50% - 15px);transform:translateZ(0)}@keyframes load8{0%{transform:rotate(0deg)}to{transform:rotate(1turn)}}.jp-carousel-info-content-wrapper{margin:auto;max-width:800px}#jp-carousel-comment-form-submit-and-info-wrapper{display:none;overflow:hidden;width:100%}#jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as input{background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);border:1px solid var(--jp-carousel-border-color);border-radius:2px;box-shadow:inset 2px 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.2);color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);float:left;font:16px/1.4 Helvetica Neue,sans-serif!important;padding:10px;width:285px}#jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as fieldset{border:none;clear:both;float:left;margin:20px 0 0;padding:0}#jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as label{float:left;font:400 13px/1.7 Helvetica Neue,sans-serif!important;margin:0 20px 3px 0;width:100px}#jp-carousel-comment-form-button-submit{background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);border:1px solid var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);border-radius:3px;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);display:block;font-size:14px;margin-left:auto;margin-top:20px;padding:8px 16px}#jp-carousel-comment-form-container{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);margin-bottom:15px;margin-top:20px;overflow:hidden;position:relative;width:100%}#jp-carousel-comment-post-results{display:none;overflow:auto;width:100%}#jp-carousel-comments-loading{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-subtle-color);display:none}#jp-carousel-comments-loading{bottom:10px;font:400 15px/1.7 Helvetica Neue,sans-serif!important;margin-bottom:20px;margin-top:20px;text-align:left;width:100%}.jp-carousel-photo-icons-container{display:block;flex:1;margin:0 20px 0 30px;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap}.jp-carousel-icon-btn{background:0 0;border:none;display:inline-block;height:64px;padding:16px;text-decoration:none}.jp-carousel-icon{border:none;border-radius:4px;display:inline-block;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:0;padding:4px 3px 3px;width:31px}.jp-carousel-icon svg{display:inline-block}.jp-carousel-overlay rect{fill:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color)}.jp-carousel-icon .jp-carousel-has-comments-indicator{background:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);border-radius:4px;color:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);display:none;font-family:Helvetica Neue,sans-serif!important;font-size:12px;font-weight:400;line-height:1;margin-left:-16px;padding:2px 4px;position:relative;vertical-align:top}@media only screen and (max-width:760px){.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-container .swiper-button-next,.jp-carousel-overlay .swiper-container .swiper-button-prev{display:none!important}.jp-carousel-image-meta{box-sizing:border-box;float:none!important;margin-left:0;width:100%!important}.jp-carousel-close-hint{font-size:26px!important;position:fixed!important;right:10px;top:10px}.jp-carousel-wrap{background-color:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color)}.jp-carousel-caption{overflow:visible!important}.jp-carousel-info-footer .jp-carousel-photo-title-container{display:none}.jp-carousel-photo-icons-container{margin:0 10px 0 0;white-space:nowrap}.jp-carousel-icon-btn{padding-left:20px}.jp-carousel-pagination{padding-left:5px}.jp-carousel-pagination-container{margin-left:25px}#jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as fieldset,#jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as input{float:none;width:100%}}:root{--jetpack--contact-form--border:1px solid #8c8f94;--jetpack--contact-form--border-color:#8c8f94;--jetpack--contact-form--border-size:1px;--jetpack--contact-form--border-style:solid;--jetpack--contact-form--border-radius:0px;--jetpack--contact-form--input-padding:16px}#jp-relatedposts{clear:both;display:none;margin:1em 0;padding-top:1em;position:relative}.jp-relatedposts:after{clear:both;content:"";display:block}#jp-relatedposts h3.jp-relatedposts-headline{display:inline-block;float:left;font-family:inherit;font-size:9pt;font-weight:700;margin:0 0 1em}#jp-relatedposts h3.jp-relatedposts-headline em:before{border-top:1px solid #dcdcde;border-top:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.2);content:"";display:block;margin-bottom:1em;min-width:30px;width:100%}#jp-relatedposts h3.jp-relatedposts-headline em{font-style:normal;font-weight:700}.screen-reader-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);word-wrap:normal!important;border:0;-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px}#amp-mobile-version-switcher{left:0;position:absolute;width:100%;z-index:100}#amp-mobile-version-switcher>a{background-color:#444;border:0;color:#eaeaea;display:block;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:16px;font-weight:600;padding:15px 0;text-align:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}
Los vientos se refuerzan a escala global – Nuestroclima
Un estudio reveló que los vientos se refuerzan a escala global tras décadas de debilitamiento. El reciente reforzamiento tiene implicaciones positivas en la producción de energía eólica.
Un estudio en el que ha participado el Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CIDE), centro mixto del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), la Universitat de València y la Generalitat Valenciana, aborda los cambios en la velocidad del viento sobre los continentes a escala planetaria, con énfasis en el hemisferio norte.
El trabajo, publicado en la revista Nature Climate Change, demuestra que la velocidad del viento se ha reforzado en los últimos años, con consecuencias positivas en la producción de energía eólica, tras décadas de descenso de su velocidad, un fenómeno conocido con el término stilling .
En este trabajo, en el que han colaborado 15 científicos de distintas instituciones internacionales, y que ha partido de series de viento obtenidas en estaciones meteorológicas de todo el mundo desde finales de 1970, concluye que “la disminución de la velocidad del viento sobre las superficies continentales se ha interrumpido desde 2010, detectando a partir de entonces un reforzamiento de los vientos a escala planetaria”, indica el investigador del CSIC César Azorín Molina, uno de los autores del estudio.
Varias son las teorías que han tratado de explicar el fenómeno de stilling o descenso de la velocidad de los vientos, como el papel de frenado que ha ejercido el incremento de la rugosidad del terreno asociada con una mayor masa forestal, el crecimiento urbano y otros cambios en los usos del suelo. Sin embargo el reciente reforzamiento de los vientos que desvela este nuevo estudio apunta a la hipótesis del mayor papel que ejercen “los cambios en los patrones de circulación atmosférica a gran escala”, según indica Azorín.
El reforzamiento de los vientos, que ha sido tres veces superior al descenso observado de 1978 a 2010, ha tenido repercusiones muy positivas en el incremento del potencial de energía eólica en Estados Unidos, Europa y China, entre otros. El viento es una fuente sustitutiva de la utilización de combustibles fósiles para frenar las emisiones de CO2 y limitar el calentamiento global muy por debajo del umbral de 2ºC establecido en el Acuerdo de París de 2015.
Según el coordinador del estudio, Zhenzhong Zeng, de la Universidad de Princeton (Estados Unidos), “profundizar en las causas que están detrás de estos cambios en la circulación atmosférica y en los vientos representa un reto científico por sus impactos socioeconómicos y medioambientales. Además, predecir con antelación estos ciclos climáticos de reforzamiento y debilitamiento de los vientos es clave para optimizar la producción de energía eólica en el futuro”.
Vía: Tiempo (Revista RAM)
También te puede interesar
Las medusas no tienen cerebro, corazón, huesos o sistema